PRIMARY 5: MATHEMATICS – FIRST TERM | WEEK 6

TOPIC: ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF WHOLE NUMBERS

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

1. Place-value chart.
2. Number cards.
3. Counters.
4. Addition and subtraction flashcards.
5. Chalkboard/whiteboard.
6. Pupils’ exercise books and pencils.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of work.
2. Recommended Mathematics textbook for Primary 5.
3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have learnt how to add and subtract smaller whole numbers using carrying and borrowing.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Add large whole numbers.
2. Add three or more numbers.
3. Add numbers with carrying.
4. Subtract large whole numbers.
5. Subtract numbers with borrowing.
6. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction.

E: CONTENT

Addition of Whole Numbers

Addition means putting numbers together.
The sign for addition is +.
Example:
24,356
\+ 13,421
——–
37,777

Addition with Carrying

Example:
4,785
\+ 2,968
——-
7,753
We carry to the next place value when the total is more than 9.

Adding Three Numbers

Example:
2,500
1,200
\+ 3,100
——-
6,800

Subtraction of Whole Numbers

Subtraction means taking one number away from another.
The sign is −.
Example:
45,678
\- 12,345
——–
33,333

Subtraction with Borrowing

Example:
5,432
\- 2,765
——-
2,667
When the upper digit is smaller, we borrow from the next place value.

Word Problem

Ada had ₦15,000. She spent ₦6,500.
Amount left:
₦15,000 − ₦6,500 = ₦8,500

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

1. Revises addition and subtraction facts.
2. Demonstrates addition of large numbers.
3. Explains carrying.
4. Demonstrates subtraction of large numbers.
5. Explains borrowing.
6. Solves simple word problems with the pupils.
7. Gives practice exercises.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

1. Add large whole numbers.
2. Add three numbers.
3. Practise carrying.
4. Subtract large numbers.
5. Practise borrowing.
6. Solve simple word problems.
7. Check their answers.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher revises addition and subtraction of whole numbers and corrects pupils where necessary.
The pupils are encouraged to arrange numbers according to place value before solving.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

1. Add 24,315 + 12,462.
2. Add 5,200 + 3,400 + 1,300.
3. Add 6,785 + 2,967.
4. Subtract 13,245 from 45,678.
5. Find 10,000 − 4,750.
6. Chidi had ₦20,000 and spent ₦7,500. How much remained?
7. What do we do when the top digit is smaller during subtraction?