TOPIC: DIPHTHONGS, PAST PERFECT TENSE AND DEBATE
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Sound chart.
- Word flashcards.
- Tense chart.
- Debate topic cards.
- Pupils’ writing materials.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended English Studies textbook for Primary 5.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils have learnt simple vowel sounds, simple past tense and past perfect tense. They can also express their opinions on familiar topics.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- explain a diphthong.
- pronounce selected diphthongs correctly.
- identify words containing the sounds.
- use the past perfect tense correctly.
- differentiate simple past from past perfect.
- explain a debate.
- give simple points for or against a debate topic.
E: CONTENT
Meaning of Diphthong
A diphthong is a vowel sound in which the mouth moves from one vowel position to another.
Examples include:
/aʊ/
- house
- cow
- town
- mouth
/əʊ/
- go
- home
- nose
- road
/ɔɪ/
- boy
- toy
- oil
- coin
Examples:
🏠 house – /aʊ/
👦 boy – /ɔɪ/
🚗 go – /əʊ/
Revision of Past Perfect Tense
The past perfect tense is formed with:
had + past participle
Examples:
- Ada had eaten before school started.
- The pupils had left before the rain began.
- Mother had cooked before Father returned.
Simple Past and Past Perfect
Tunde had finished his work before the teacher arrived.
The action that happened first is:
had finished
The later action is:
arrived
Debate
A debate is a formal discussion in which people speak for or against a topic.
A debate has:
- a topic.
- speakers for the topic.
- speakers against the topic.
- reasons or points.
Debate Topic
A Farmer Is More Important Than a Teacher
For the topic:
- Farmers produce food.
- People need food to live.
- Farmers provide raw materials.
Against the topic:
- Teachers educate children.
- Teachers train future doctors, farmers and leaders.
- Education helps society to develop.
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Explains diphthongs.
- Pronounces the sounds clearly.
- Gives examples of words.
- Revises the past perfect tense.
- Compares past perfect with simple past.
- Explains a debate.
- Divides pupils into groups for and against the topic.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- Pronounce the diphthongs.
- Mention words containing the sounds.
- Form past perfect sentences.
- Identify which action happened first.
- Explain a debate.
- Give points for or against the topic.
- Participate in a short debate.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises diphthongs, past perfect tense and the basic rules of debate.
Pupils are encouraged to speak clearly, listen to others and give sensible reasons for their opinions.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- What is a diphthong?
- Give two words containing /aʊ/.
- Give two words containing /ɔɪ/.
- Complete: Ada ______ eaten before Mother arrived.
- What is a debate?
- Give one point supporting the importance of farmers.
- Give one point supporting the importance of teachers.