TOPIC: GENERAL REVISION
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Pollution charts.
- Pictures of erosion.
- Waste samples.
- Environmental sanitation charts.
- Flashcards.
- Revision worksheets.
- Pupils’ notebooks and pencils.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 5.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils have learnt about water, air, land and noise pollution, erosion, environmental quality, waste, waste disposal, reuse and recycling during the first term.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain the major types of environmental pollution.
- State causes and effects of pollution.
- Explain erosion and methods of controlling it.
- Identify features of healthy and unhealthy environments.
- Explain the meaning and types of waste.
- Describe proper waste-disposal methods.
- Explain reuse and recycling.
E: CONTENT
Revision of Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or unwanted conditions into the environment.
The major forms studied are:
Water pollution
Air pollution
Land pollution
Noise pollution
Water Pollution
💧 Water pollution occurs when harmful substances make water dirty and unsafe.
Examples of pollutants:
Sewage.
Refuse.
Oil.
Chemicals.
Air Pollution
🌫️ Air pollution may be caused by:
Smoke.
Dust.
Harmful gases.
Burning refuse.
Land Pollution
🗑️ Land pollution can result from:
Littering.
Improper waste disposal.
Chemicals.
Plastic waste.
Noise Pollution
📢 Noise pollution is unwanted or excessive sound.
Sources include:
Loudspeakers.
Vehicle horns.
Generators.
Machines.
Revision of Erosion
Erosion is the wearing away and removal of soil.
Major agents include:
Water.
Wind.
Effects include:
Loss of fertile soil.
Damage to roads.
Formation of gullies.
Erosion can be controlled through:
Planting trees and grasses.
Proper drainage.
Avoiding bush burning.
Proper farming methods.
Revision of Environmental Quality
A healthy environment has:
Clean water.
Clean air.
Proper drainage.
Proper waste disposal.
Clean surroundings.
An unhealthy environment may have:
Stagnant water.
Blocked drains.
Piles of refuse.
Bad smell.
Flies and mosquitoes.
Revision of Waste
Waste is unwanted material that is thrown away.
Types include:
Solid waste.
Liquid waste.
Biodegradable waste.
Non-biodegradable waste.
Revision of Reuse and Recycling
Reuse means using an item again.
Recycling means processing old materials into new products.
♻️ Paper, plastic, glass and metals can often be recycled.
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Revises the four major types of pollution.
- Revises causes, effects and prevention of pollution.
- Revises erosion and erosion-control methods.
- Reviews healthy and unhealthy environments.
- Revises types of waste.
- Reviews waste-disposal methods.
- Revises reuse and recycling.
- Asks oral and written revision questions.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- Define different types of pollution.
- Mention causes and effects of pollution.
- Explain erosion and its control.
- Identify healthy and unhealthy environments.
- Classify different kinds of waste.
- Explain proper waste disposal.
- Give examples of reused and recycled materials.
- Answer revision questions.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises the major topics taught throughout the first term and corrects pupils where necessary. The teacher encourages pupils to keep their surroundings clean and practise proper environmental care at home and school.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- Mention the four types of pollution studied this term.
- State two causes of water pollution.
- Mention two effects of air pollution.
- What is erosion?
- State three ways of controlling erosion.
- Mention four features of a healthy environment.
- What is waste?
- Give two examples each of biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste.
- What is reuse?
- What is recycling?
- Mention three materials that can be recycled.