TOPIC: FOOD – TYPES, CLASSES AND USES
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Pictures of common foods.
- Samples of food items.
- Food-class chart.
- Flashcards.
- Pupils’ writing books and pencils.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 4.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils have learnt about the feeding system and know that food enters the body through the mouth.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain food.
- State the importance of food.
- Name major classes of food.
- Give examples of foods in each class.
- State the functions of different classes of food.
- Classify common Nigerian foods.
E: CONTENT
Meaning of Food
Food is any substance eaten or drunk to help the body grow, stay healthy and get energy.
Importance of Food
Food:
- gives energy
- helps the body grow
- repairs worn-out tissues
- protects the body from illness
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates give us energy. Examples:
- rice
- yam
- garri
- bread
- cassava
- maize
Proteins
Proteins help in growth and repair. Examples:
- beans
- fish
- meat
- eggs
- milk
Fats and Oils
Fats and oils provide energy and help keep the body warm. Examples:
- palm oil
- groundnut oil
- butter
- margarine
Vitamins and Minerals
They help protect the body and keep it healthy. Examples:
- oranges 🍊
- mangoes 🥭
- vegetables 🥬
- tomatoes 🍅
Food According to Function
Energy-giving foods:
- rice
- yam
- garri
Body-building foods:
- beans
- meat
- fish
- eggs
Protective foods:
- fruits
- vegetables
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Explains food.
- Shows common Nigerian food items.
- Introduces food classes.
- Explains carbohydrates.
- Explains proteins.
- Explains fats, vitamins and minerals.
- Guides pupils to classify foods.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- Identify common foods.
- Name food classes.
- Give examples of carbohydrates.
- Give examples of proteins.
- Identify fats and oils.
- Name fruits and vegetables.
- Classify foods according to function.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises the major classes of food and their functions. The teacher encourages pupils to eat different kinds of healthy food.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- What is food?
- Mention three importance of food.
- Name four classes of food.
- Mention two carbohydrate foods.
- Mention two protein foods.
- What is the function of protein?
- Mention two protective foods.
- Classify beans as energy-giving, body-building or protective food.