TOPIC: ADEQUATE AND BALANCED DIET
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Food-class chart.
- Pictures of meals.
- Samples of local foods.
- Meal cards.
- Pupils’ writing books and pencils.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 4.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils have learnt the main classes of food, their sources and their uses in the body.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain diet.
- Explain adequate diet.
- Explain balanced diet.
- Mention components of a balanced diet.
- Give examples of balanced Nigerian meals.
- State the importance of water and fibre.
- Explain benefits of good nutrition.
E: CONTENT
Meaning of Diet
A diet is the food and drink a person usually takes.
Adequate Diet
An adequate diet provides enough food and nutrients for the needs of the body.
Balanced Diet
A balanced diet contains the different classes of food in the correct amounts. It should include:
- carbohydrates
- proteins
- fats and oils
- vitamins
- minerals
- water
- fibre
Examples of Balanced Meals
🍚 Rice + beans + fish + vegetables + fruit 🍠 Yam + egg sauce + vegetables + water 🍲 Eba + vegetable soup + fish + fruit
Importance of Water
Water:
- helps digestion
- regulates body temperature
- helps remove waste
- prevents dehydration
Importance of Fibre
Fibre helps:
- digestion
- easy movement of food through the intestine
- prevent constipation
Sources include:
- vegetables
- fruits
- whole grains
Benefits of Good Nutrition
Good nutrition:
- supports growth
- gives energy
- protects against illness
- keeps the body strong
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Revises food classes.
- Explains diet.
- Explains adequate diet.
- Explains balanced diet.
- Displays examples of balanced meals.
- Discusses water and fibre.
- Explains benefits of good nutrition.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- Mention food classes.
- Explain diet.
- Identify balanced meals.
- Suggest balanced Nigerian meals.
- Mention uses of water.
- Identify sources of fibre.
- State benefits of good nutrition.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises adequate and balanced diets and explains why different food classes should be eaten regularly. The teacher encourages pupils to choose healthy and balanced meals.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- What is a diet?
- What is an adequate diet?
- What is a balanced diet?
- Mention four components of a balanced diet.
- Give one example of a balanced Nigerian meal.
- Mention two importance of water.
- Mention two sources of fibre.
- State two benefits of good nutrition.