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PRIMARY 1: BASIC SCIENCE – FIRST TERM | WEEK EIGHT

Updated September 5, 2026Basic Science, First Term, Primary 1

TOPIC: SOIL AS PART OF OUR SURROUNDINGS

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

  1. Samples of soil.
  2. Small transparent containers.
  3. Pictures of places where soil is found.
  4. Leaves and small stones.
  5. Hand lens where available.
  6. Drawing books and crayons.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

  1. Scheme of work.
  2. Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 1.
  3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have observed different things in their classroom, school and home environment. They have also seen soil around the school compound and along roads.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Explain soil in simple terms.
  2. Identify soil around them.
  3. Mention places where soil can be found.
  4. Describe soil by touching and looking at it.
  5. Name some things found in soil.
  6. Collect a simple soil sample safely.

E: CONTENT

Meaning of Soil

Soil is the loose material that covers much of the ground.
We walk and build on soil.
🌍 Soil is part of our surroundings.

Places Where Soil Can Be Found

Soil can be found:

  • In the school compound.
  • In gardens.
  • On farms.
  • Along roads.
  • Around our homes.
  • Under grasses and trees.

Observing Soil

We can observe soil with our:
👀 Eyes – to see its colour.
✋ Hands – to feel its texture.
Some soil may feel:

  • Rough.
  • Smooth.
  • Soft.
  • Sticky.

Things Found in Soil

We may find:

  • 🪨 Small stones.
  • 🌿 Roots.
  • 🍂 Dry leaves.
  • 🪱 Earthworms.
  • 🐜 Ants.
  • Small insects.

Plants Grow in Soil

🌱 Many plants grow in soil.
Their roots remain inside the soil.
Soil helps to hold plants firmly.

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

  1. Shows pupils samples of soil.
  2. Explains the meaning of soil.
  3. Takes pupils to observe soil around the school.
  4. Allows pupils to touch safe soil samples.
  5. Guides pupils to describe the colour and feel of soil.
  6. Shows things commonly found in soil.
  7. Helps pupils collect small soil samples.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

  1. Observe soil samples.
  2. Touch and feel the soil.
  3. Mention places where soil is found.
  4. Describe the soil they observe.
  5. Name things found in soil.
  6. Collect soil samples with guidance.
  7. Draw a plant growing in soil.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher revises the meaning of soil, places where soil is found and some things found in soil.
The teacher corrects pupils where necessary and encourages them to observe soil around their homes.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

  1. What is soil?
  2. Mention two places where soil can be found.
  3. Name two things found in soil.
  4. Which part of a plant is usually inside the soil?
  5. Mention one way soil may feel when touched.
  6. Is soil part of our surroundings?
  7. Draw a small plant growing in soil.