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PRIMARY 6: MATHEMATICS – FIRST TERM | WEEK 8

Updated February 23, 2026First Term, Mathematics, Primary 6

TOPIC: ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF WHOLE NUMBERS, FRACTIONS AND DECIMALS

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

  1. Number cards.
  2. Fraction chart.
  3. Decimal chart.
  4. Place value chart.
  5. Chalkboard or whiteboard.
  6. Pupils’ exercise books and pencils.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

  1. Scheme of work.
  2. Recommended Mathematics textbook for Primary 6.
  3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have learnt whole numbers, fractions and decimals. They can also perform simple addition and subtraction.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Add large whole numbers correctly.
  2. Subtract large whole numbers correctly.
  3. Add fractions with like and unlike denominators.
  4. Subtract fractions.
  5. Add decimal numbers correctly.
  6. Subtract decimal numbers correctly.
  7. Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction.

E: CONTENT

Addition of Whole Numbers

Arrange numbers according to their place values.
Example:
45,682
\+ 13,245
——–
58,927

Subtraction of Whole Numbers

Example:
75,640
\- 23,415
——–
52,225

Addition of Fractions

When the denominators are the same:

2/7 + 3/7 = 5/7

When the denominators are different, find the LCM.
Example:

1/2 + 1/4

LCM of 2 and 4 = 4
1/2 = 2/4
Therefore:

2/4 + 1/4 = 3/4

Subtraction of Fractions

Example:

5/6 − 2/6 = 3/6 = 1/2

Another example:

3/4 − 1/2

1/2 = 2/4
Therefore:

3/4 − 2/4 = 1/4

Addition of Decimals

Line up the decimal points.
24.65
\+ 13.20
——-
37.85

Subtraction of Decimals

45.80
\- 12.35
——-
33.45

Word Problem

Ada had ₦4,500 and received another ₦2,300.
Total money:
₦4,500 + ₦2,300 = ₦6,800

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

  1. Revises basic addition and subtraction.
  2. Demonstrates addition of large whole numbers.
  3. Demonstrates subtraction of large whole numbers.
  4. Revises common denominators in fractions.
  5. Guides pupils in adding and subtracting fractions.
  6. Demonstrates addition and subtraction of decimals.
  7. Gives simple word problems.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

  1. Add whole numbers.
  2. Subtract whole numbers.
  3. Add fractions.
  4. Subtract fractions.
  5. Add decimal numbers.
  6. Subtract decimal numbers.
  7. Solve simple word problems.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher revises the correct methods of adding and subtracting whole numbers, fractions and decimals.
The teacher corrects pupils’ mistakes and encourages careful arrangement of figures.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

  1. Add: 34,520 + 22,315.
  2. Subtract: 80,000 − 34,650.
  3. Add: 2/5 + 1/5.
  4. Add: 1/2 + 1/4.
  5. Subtract: 5/6 − 1/6.
  6. Add: 12.45 + 6.30.
  7. Subtract: 30.50 − 12.25.
  8. Chidi had ₦8,000 and spent ₦3,500. How much remained?