PRIMARY 6: BASIC SCIENCE – THIRD TERM | WEEK 1

TOPIC: SAFETY, ACCIDENTS AND FIRST AID

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

1. First aid box.
2. Safety signs and posters.
3. Pictures of common accidents.
4. Bandage and cotton wool.
5. Adhesive plaster.
6. Disposable gloves.
7. Flashcards showing safety rules.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

1. Scheme of work.
2. Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 6.
3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have learnt about personal hygiene, environmental safety and the importance of avoiding harmful substances and dangerous situations.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

1. Define safety.
2. Define an accident.
3. Mention common causes of accidents.
4. State ways of preventing accidents.
5. Define first aid.
6. State the importance of first aid.
7. Identify common materials in a first aid box.
8. State basic safety rules at home, school and on the road.

E: CONTENT

Meaning of Safety

Safety means being protected from danger, injury or harm. Safety involves behaving carefully and following rules that help to prevent accidents.

Meaning of an Accident

An accident is an unexpected event that may cause injury, damage or death. Examples include:

• Falling from a staircase.
• Getting burnt by fire.
• Cutting the skin with a sharp object.
• Road accidents.
• Electric shock.
• Drowning.

Causes of Accidents

Accidents may be caused by:

1. Carelessness.
2. Running on slippery floors.
3. Playing with sharp objects.
4. Playing with fire.
5. Touching exposed electrical wires.
6. Crossing roads carelessly.
7. Leaving objects on walkways.
8. Ignoring safety instructions.

Prevention of Accidents

Accidents can be prevented by:

1. Obeying safety rules.
2. Keeping floors dry.
3. Storing sharp objects safely.
4. Keeping medicines away from children.
5. Avoiding exposed electrical wires.
6. Using pedestrian crossings.
7. Wearing protective equipment when necessary.
8. Keeping the environment tidy.

Meaning of First Aid

First aid is the immediate help given to an injured or sick person before proper medical treatment is available.

Importance of First Aid

First aid can:

1. Reduce pain.
2. Prevent an injury from becoming worse.
3. Reduce bleeding.
4. Save life.
5. Keep the injured person comfortable until help arrives.

Contents of a First Aid Box

A first aid box may contain:

• Cotton wool.
• Bandages.
• Adhesive plaster.
• Antiseptic.
• Disposable gloves.
• Scissors.
• Gauze.
• Safety pins.

Important First Aid Rule

For serious injuries, pupils should quickly call a responsible adult or emergency service rather than attempting treatment beyond their ability.

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

1. Defines safety and accident.
2. Shows pictures of common accidents.
3. Discusses causes and prevention of accidents.
4. Displays a first aid box.
5. Identifies its contents.
6. Explains the meaning and importance of first aid.
7. Demonstrates simple safe actions such as calling an adult and protecting a small wound.
8. Emphasizes when professional medical help is needed.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

1. Define safety.
2. Mention common accidents.
3. State causes of accidents.
4. Suggest ways of preventing accidents.
5. Identify materials in a first aid box.
6. Explain the meaning of first aid.
7. State basic safety rules.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher reminds pupils that many accidents can be prevented by careful behaviour and obedience to safety rules. The teacher emphasizes that first aid provides immediate assistance but does not replace proper medical care.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

1. What is safety?
2. What is an accident?
3. Mention four causes of accidents.
4. State five ways of preventing accidents.
5. What is first aid?
6. Mention four contents of a first aid box.
7. State three importance of first aid.
8. What should a pupil do when a person has a serious injury?