MyLessonNote.com
Home › Basic Science › PRIMARY 6: BASIC SCIENCE – FIRST TERM | WEEK 9

PRIMARY 6: BASIC SCIENCE – FIRST TERM | WEEK 9

Updated March 2, 2026Basic Science, First Term, Primary 6

TOPIC: IMPROVING CROP YIELD

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

  1. Pictures of healthy crops.
  2. Pictures of food crops.
  3. Pictures of cash crops.
  4. Farm tools.
  5. Samples or pictures of harvested produce.
  6. Storage-container illustrations.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

  1. Scheme of work.
  2. Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 6.
  3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have learnt the conditions needed for crop growth and how manure, compost and fertilizers can improve soil fertility.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Define crop yield.
  2. Identify food crops.
  3. Identify cash crops.
  4. Differentiate between food crops and cash crops.
  5. State ways of improving crop yield.
  6. Explain harvesting.
  7. Mention methods of storing farm produce.

E: CONTENT

Meaning of Crop Yield

Crop yield is the quantity of crops harvested from a farm or piece of land. A high crop yield means that a farmer obtains plenty of produce.

Food Crops

Food crops are crops grown mainly for consumption as food. Examples include: 🌽 Maize 🍚 Rice 🫘 Beans 🍠 Yam Cassava

Cash Crops

Cash crops are crops grown mainly for sale or industrial use. Examples include:

  • Cocoa
  • Rubber
  • Cotton
  • Oil palm
  • Groundnut

Some crops may serve both food and commercial purposes.

Ways of Improving Crop Yield

Crop yield can be improved through:

  1. Planting healthy seeds.
  2. Using suitable soil.
  3. Applying manure or fertilizer correctly.
  4. Proper watering.
  5. Removing weeds.
  6. Controlling pests and diseases.
  7. Planting at the correct time.
  8. Providing adequate labour.
  9. Using improved farming methods.

Harvesting

Harvesting means gathering mature crops from the farm. Examples:

  • Picking tomatoes.
  • Cutting rice.
  • Digging up yam.
  • Removing cassava roots.

Storage of Farm Produce

Farm produce should be stored properly to prevent spoilage. Methods include:

  1. Drying.
  2. Refrigeration.
  3. Storage in silos.
  4. Storage in barns.
  5. Use of clean bags and containers.
  6. Keeping produce in dry, well-ventilated places.

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

  1. Introduces the meaning of crop yield.
  2. Displays pictures of food and cash crops.
  3. Guides pupils to classify crops.
  4. Explains ways of increasing crop yield.
  5. Discusses harvesting.
  6. Explains storage and preservation methods.
  7. Encourages pupils to identify crops grown locally.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

  1. Define crop yield.
  2. Identify food crops.
  3. Identify cash crops.
  4. State ways of improving crop yield.
  5. Explain harvesting.
  6. Mention storage methods.
  7. Classify common Nigerian crops.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher explains that good seeds, fertile soil, proper crop care and correct harvesting practices help farmers obtain better yields. The teacher also emphasizes proper storage to reduce food loss.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

  1. What is crop yield?
  2. Mention four food crops.
  3. Mention four cash crops.
  4. State four ways of improving crop yield.
  5. What is harvesting?
  6. Mention four methods of storing farm produce.
  7. State one difference between a food crop and a cash crop.