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PRIMARY 6: BASIC SCIENCE – FIRST TERM | WEEK 5

Updated February 2, 2026Basic Science, First Term, Primary 6

TOPIC: EARTH AND SKY MOVEMENT

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

  1. Globe.
  2. Solar system chart.
  3. Pictures of the sun, moon and stars.
  4. Torchlight.
  5. Balls of different sizes.
  6. Planet flashcards.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

  1. Scheme of work.
  2. Recommended Basic Science textbook for Primary 6.
  3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have observed the sun during the day, the moon and stars at night, and have learnt that the earth is the planet on which we live.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Describe the sky.
  2. Mention natural bodies seen in the sky.
  3. Describe the sun, moon and stars.
  4. Explain the solar system.
  5. Name the planets in the solar system.
  6. Define gravity.
  7. State some effects of gravity.

E: CONTENT

The Sky

The sky is the space that appears above the earth when we look upward. Natural bodies seen in the sky include:

  • The sun
  • The moon
  • Stars
  • Planets

The Sun

☀️ The sun is a star. It gives the earth:

  1. Light.
  2. Heat.

Plants also depend on sunlight to make food.

The Moon

🌙 The moon is the natural satellite of the earth. It moves around the earth and reflects light from the sun.

Stars

⭐ Stars are very large bodies in space that produce their own light. The sun is the star closest to the earth.

The Solar System

The solar system consists of the sun and all the objects that move around it. The eight planets are:

  1. Mercury
  2. Venus
  3. Earth
  4. Mars
  5. Jupiter
  6. Saturn
  7. Uranus
  8. Neptune

🌞 → Mercury → Venus → Earth → Mars → Jupiter → Saturn → Uranus → Neptune

Gravity

Gravity is a force that pulls objects towards the earth or towards other bodies with mass. Because of gravity:

  1. Objects fall to the ground.
  2. We remain on the surface of the earth.
  3. The moon remains in orbit around the earth.
  4. Planets remain in orbit around the sun.

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

  1. Displays pictures of objects seen in the sky.
  2. Explains the sun, moon and stars.
  3. Uses a chart to introduce the solar system.
  4. Guides pupils to name the eight planets.
  5. Explains gravity using simple examples.
  6. Drops a safe object to demonstrate gravitational pull.
  7. Corrects pupils’ misconceptions.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

  1. Identify bodies seen in the sky.
  2. Describe the sun and moon.
  3. Name the planets.
  4. Observe the solar system chart.
  5. Define gravity.
  6. Mention effects of gravity.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher revises the natural bodies found in the sky, the planets of the solar system and the meaning of gravity. Pupils are encouraged to observe the sky safely without looking directly at the sun.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

  1. Mention three natural bodies found in the sky.
  2. What is the sun?
  3. What is the moon?
  4. What is the solar system?
  5. Name the eight planets.
  6. On which planet do we live?
  7. What is gravity?
  8. State two effects of gravity.