TOPIC: BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Number cards.
- Binary number chart.
- Place-value chart.
- Counters.
- Chalkboard/whiteboard.
- Pupils’ exercise books and pencils.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended Mathematics textbook for Primary 5.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils can count and perform simple operations using the ordinary base-ten number system.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain the binary number system.
- State the digits used in binary numbers.
- Identify place values in base two.
- Change simple binary numbers to base ten.
- Change simple base-ten numbers to binary.
- Add simple binary numbers.
E: CONTENT
Meaning of Binary Numbers
The binary number system is also called base two.
It uses only two digits:
0 and 1
Computers use binary numbers.
💻 0 and 1
Place Values in Binary
The place values are:
1, 2, 4, 8, 16…
Example:
Binary number 101
From right to left:
1 × 1 = 1
0 × 2 = 0
1 × 4 = 4
Total:
4 + 0 + 1 = 5
Therefore:
101₂ = 5₁₀
Base Ten to Binary
Change 5 to binary.
5 = 4 + 1
Therefore:
5 = 101₂
Simple Binary Addition
Rules:
0 + 0 = 0
0 + 1 = 1
1 + 0 = 1
1 + 1 = 10
Example:
10
\+ 01
\—-
11
Therefore:
10₂ + 01₂ = 11₂
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Revises the base-ten number system.
- Introduces binary numbers.
- Explains digits 0 and 1.
- Demonstrates binary place values.
- Converts simple binary numbers to base ten.
- Converts simple base-ten numbers to binary.
- Demonstrates simple binary addition.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- State the binary digits.
- Read simple binary numbers.
- Identify binary place values.
- Convert simple numbers.
- Add simple binary numbers.
- Solve practice questions.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises binary numbers and reminds pupils that the binary system uses only 0 and 1.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- What is another name for the binary number system?
- What two digits are used in binary?
- Change 10₂ to base ten.
- Change 11₂ to base ten.
- Change 4 to binary.
- Change 5 to binary.
- Find 10₂ + 01₂.