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PRIMARY 5: MATHEMATICS – SECOND TERM | WEEK 6

Updated February 9, 2026Mathematics, Primary 5, Second Term

TOPIC: PERIMETER AND CIRCUMFERENCE

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

  1. Ruler.
  2. Measuring tape.
  3. Cardboard shapes.
  4. Circular objects.
  5. String.
  6. Chalkboard/whiteboard.
  7. Pupils’ exercise books and pencils.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

  1. Scheme of work.
  2. Recommended Mathematics textbook for Primary 5.
  3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have learnt basic plane shapes such as squares, rectangles, triangles and circles and can measure length using centimetres and metres.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Explain perimeter.
  2. Find the perimeter of a square.
  3. Find the perimeter of a rectangle.
  4. Find the perimeter of simple irregular shapes.
  5. Explain circumference.
  6. Identify the radius and diameter of a circle.
  7. Calculate the circumference of a circle.

E: CONTENT

Meaning of Perimeter

The perimeter is the total distance around a shape.

Perimeter of a Square

A square has four equal sides.

Perimeter = 4 × side

Example:
Side = 5 cm
Perimeter = 4 × 5
\= 20 cm

Perimeter of a Rectangle

A rectangle has two lengths and two breadths.

Perimeter = 2 × (Length + Breadth)

Example:
Length = 8 cm
Breadth = 4 cm
Perimeter = 2 × (8 + 4)
\= 2 × 12
\= 24 cm

Perimeter of a Triangle

Add the lengths of all three sides.
Example:
Sides = 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm
Perimeter:
4 + 5 + 6 = 15 cm

Circumference

The circumference is the distance around a circle.
⭕ The radius is the distance from the centre to the edge.
⭕ The diameter passes through the centre from one side of the circle to the other.
Diameter = 2 × radius

Circumference of a Circle

We can use:

Circumference = π × diameter

or

Circumference = 2 × π × radius

For simple calculations:
π = 22/7
Example:
Diameter = 14 cm
Circumference:
22/7 × 14
\= 44 cm

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

  1. Revises common plane shapes.
  2. Explains perimeter.
  3. Demonstrates how to calculate the perimeter of squares and rectangles.
  4. Shows pupils how to find the perimeter of triangles.
  5. Introduces circumference.
  6. Identifies radius and diameter using circular objects.
  7. Demonstrates a simple circumference calculation.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

  1. Identify different plane shapes.
  2. Measure sides of shapes.
  3. Calculate perimeter.
  4. Identify radius and diameter.
  5. Measure circular objects.
  6. Calculate simple circumference.
  7. Solve practice questions.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher revises perimeter and circumference and corrects pupils where necessary.
Pupils are reminded that perimeter is the distance around a plane shape, while circumference is the distance around a circle.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

  1. What is perimeter?
  2. Find the perimeter of a square with side 6 cm.
  3. Find the perimeter of a rectangle with length 10 cm and breadth 5 cm.
  4. Find the perimeter of a triangle with sides 4 cm, 6 cm and 8 cm.
  5. What is circumference?
  6. What is the diameter of a circle with radius 7 cm?
  7. Find the circumference of a circle with diameter 14 cm. Use π = 22/7.