TOPIC: FACTORS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND GENERAL REVISION
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Pictures of farmland.
- Pictures of farmers working.
- Farm tools.
- Pictures of irrigation or water sources.
- Money illustrations.
- Flashcards.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended Agric Sciences textbook for Primary 4.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils have learnt preservation methods, crop-growing materials, farm chemical safety, ornamental plants and compost making during the second term.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain factors of agricultural production.
- Name major factors of agricultural production.
- Explain the importance of land.
- Explain the importance of labour and water.
- Explain the importance of capital and management.
- Revise major second-term topics.
E: CONTENT
Meaning of Factors of Agricultural Production
Factors of agricultural production are the things needed to carry out farming successfully. Major factors include:
- Land.
- Labour.
- Water.
- Capital.
- Management.
Land
Land is needed for:
- growing crops
- keeping animals
- building farm structures
Labour
Labour means the work done by people on the farm. Examples include:
- planting
- weeding
- harvesting
- feeding animals
👨🌾 Farmers provide labour.
Water
Water is needed by crops and animals. It is used for:
- watering crops
- drinking by animals
- cleaning farm equipment
Capital
Capital means money and other valuable resources used for farming. Money can be used to buy:
- seeds
- tools
- fertilizer
- animals
- equipment
Management
Management means planning and controlling farm activities properly. A good farmer decides:
- what to produce
- when to plant
- how to use money
- how to care for crops and animals
Revision of Second-Term Work
Preservation Methods
Examples include:
- drying
- smoking
- freezing
- canning
- salting
- bagging
Crop-Growing Materials
Examples include:
- seeds
- water
- soil
- manure
- fertilizer
- tools
Chemical Safety
Farmers should wear protective clothing and follow instructions.
Ornamental Plants
Ornamental plants are grown mainly for beautification.
Compost
Compost is made from decayed plant and animal materials.
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Explains factors of agricultural production.
- Discusses land.
- Explains labour and water.
- Explains capital.
- Explains management.
- Revises preservation methods.
- Revises chemical safety and ornamental plants.
- Revises compost making.
- Asks general revision questions.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- Name factors of production.
- Explain the importance of land.
- Give examples of farm labour.
- State uses of water.
- Explain capital.
- Explain management.
- Answer revision questions.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises the major factors needed for successful agricultural production and the important topics taught during the second term. The teacher encourages pupils to observe how land, labour, water, money and good planning are used in farming activities around them.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- What are factors of agricultural production?
- Name five factors of agricultural production.
- State two uses of land in agriculture.
- What is labour?
- State two uses of water on the farm.
- What is capital?
- What is management?
- Name three farm produce preservation methods.
- State two safety measures when using farm chemicals.
- What are ornamental plants?
- What is compost manure?