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PRIMARY 4: AGRIC SCIENCES – FIRST TERM | WEEK 2

Updated September 16, 2026Agricultural Science, First Term, Primary 4

TOPIC: LAND AND SOIL

A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS

  1. Samples of soil.
  2. Pictures of farmland.
  3. Containers.
  4. Hand trowel.
  5. Chart showing types of soil.

B: REFERENCE MATERIALS

  1. Scheme of work.
  2. Recommended Agric Sciences textbook for Primary 4.
  3. Online educational resources.

C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

The pupils have learnt that farmers grow crops on land and that plants need soil to grow.

D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:

  1. Explain the meaning of land.
  2. Explain the meaning of soil.
  3. State the importance of land in agriculture.
  4. Name the three major types of soil.
  5. Identify sandy, clay and loamy soil.

E: CONTENT

Meaning of Land

Land is the solid part of the earth on which people, animals and plants live. Farmers use land for growing crops and keeping animals.

Meaning of Soil

Soil is the loose material found on the surface of the earth where plants grow. 🌱 Plants grow their roots inside the soil.

Importance of Land in Agriculture

Land is used for:

  1. Growing crops.
  2. Keeping farm animals.
  3. Building farm houses.
  4. Constructing fish ponds.
  5. Building farm roads.

Types of Soil

There are three major types of soil:

  1. Sandy soil
  2. Clay soil
  3. Loamy soil

Sandy Soil

Sandy soil has large particles and feels rough when touched.

Clay Soil

Clay soil has very small particles and feels sticky when wet.

Loamy Soil

Loamy soil contains a good mixture of sand, clay and organic matter. 🌱 Loamy soil is usually the best soil for growing many crops.

F: LESSON PRESENTATION

F1: Teachers’ Activities

  1. Explains the meaning of land.
  2. Explains the meaning of soil.
  3. Displays different soil samples.
  4. Guides pupils to touch and observe the samples.
  5. Names the three major soil types.
  6. Explains the agricultural uses of land.

F2: Pupils’ Activities

  1. Explain land and soil.
  2. Observe soil samples.
  3. Touch and compare the different soils.
  4. Name the three soil types.
  5. State uses of land in agriculture.

G: CONCLUSION

The teacher revises the meanings of land and soil and the three major soil types. The teacher encourages pupils to observe different soils around their homes and school.

H: EVALUATION GUIDE

Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:

  1. What is land?
  2. What is soil?
  3. Name the three major types of soil.
  4. Which soil feels rough?
  5. Which soil feels sticky when wet?
  6. State two agricultural uses of land.