TOPIC: FACTORS OF WHOLE NUMBERS
A: TEACHING AND LEARNING MATERIALS
- Multiplication chart.
- Number flashcards.
- Counters.
- Factor cards.
- Pupils’ writing books and pencils.
B: REFERENCE MATERIALS
- Scheme of work.
- Recommended Mathematics textbook for Primary 3.
- Online educational resources.
C: PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
The pupils can multiply and divide simple whole numbers.
D: PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
- Explain the meaning of a factor.
- Identify factors of simple whole numbers.
- Find factor pairs.
- List factors of numbers up to 48.
- Use multiplication facts to find factors.
E: CONTENT
Meaning of a Factor
A factor is a number that divides another number exactly without leaving a remainder.
Example:
Factors of 6 are:
1, 2, 3 and 6
This is because:
- 1 × 6 = 6
- 2 × 3 = 6
Factor Pairs
Factor pairs are two numbers that multiply to give another number.
For 12:
- 1 × 12 = 12
- 2 × 6 = 12
- 3 × 4 = 12
Therefore, the factors of 12 are:
1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12
More Examples
Factors of 8:
1, 2, 4, 8
Factors of 10:
1, 2, 5, 10
Factors of 15:
1, 3, 5, 15
Using Division to Check Factors
Is 4 a factor of 20?
20 ÷ 4 = 5
There is no remainder.
Therefore, 4 is a factor of 20.
F: LESSON PRESENTATION
F1: Teachers’ Activities
- Revises multiplication and division.
- Explains the meaning of factors.
- Shows pupils how to find factor pairs.
- Uses the multiplication table to identify factors.
- Gives examples of factors of different numbers.
- Gives pupils exercises on factors.
F2: Pupils’ Activities
- Identify factors of numbers.
- Form factor pairs.
- Use multiplication tables to find factors.
- Check factors using division.
- List factors of given numbers.
G: CONCLUSION
The teacher revises factors and factor pairs and corrects pupils where necessary.
The teacher reminds pupils that a factor divides a number exactly without leaving a remainder.
H: EVALUATION GUIDE
Pupils should be able to answer the following questions:
- What is a factor?
- List the factors of 6.
- List the factors of 8.
- List the factors of 12.
- Is 5 a factor of 20?
- Is 3 a factor of 10?
- Write two factor pairs of 18.